WICHITA, Kan. — What should Maine lawmakers’ New Year’s resolutions be? I have a suggestion: Break down barriers to opportunity for the least fortunate.

Elected officials in Portland City Hall and the state government in Augusta should start by rolling back burdensome occupational licensing regulations, which stand in the way of low-income job seekers and budding entrepreneurs.

Most people have never heard of occupational licenses, yet they are a growing hindrance to economic mobility in Maine and across the country. Before you can work in many professions, you are forced to seek permission from your state or local government in the form of an occupational license.

To make matters more difficult, you often have to pay a significant sum of money or spend months – and sometimes years – in training before beginning your career. That wasn’t a huge deal when occupational licenses only applied to lawyers, doctors and airline pilots. But other businesses quickly found they could handicap competitors and innovative startups if they licensed their own industries.

In July, the White House released a report detailing how occupational licensing laws have proliferated: “More than one-quarter of U.S. workers now require a license to do their jobs.” At the state level, “the share of workers licensed … has risen five-fold since the 1950s.” One recent academic estimate even puts the number of licensed jobs at nearly one in three.

Today, after years of lobbying campaigns by special interests, occupational licenses apply to hundreds of different entry-level and mid-level professions. Maine is no exception.

According to the Institute for Justice, a libertarian law firm, no fewer than 39 of the 100 most common low- and moderate-income jobs in the state require licenses. Barber. Travel guide. Packager.

On the whole, the average Maine license costs $206 and requires 226 days in education or training. Many basic jobs require more training than an emergency medical technician! And those are just some of the state occupational licenses.

There are even more passed by cities like Portland, which only restrict further an individual’s attempt to earn a living. In Portland, this ranges from food trucks to taxi drivers to valet parking to flea market vendors and more.

Making matters worse, these regulations vary – and often conflict – from city to city and state to state, making it that much harder for Mainers to find work and make a living. We’re starting to learn just how much harm occupational licenses have caused.

The White House again put it best, saying that licensing can “raise the price of goods and services” and “restrict employment opportunities” for those who need them most. In fact, a 2011 academic study found that occupational licenses have prevented the creation of nearly 3 million jobs.

They also cost consumers a whopping $203 billion in higher costs every year. That’s a high price to pay for bureaucratic control over barbers, travel guides and flea market sellers.

Occupational licenses also turn away potential entrepreneurs, especially in low-income communities. A 2015 study by an Arizona State University researcher found that heavier licensing correlates with an 11 percent lower entrepreneurship rate for people at the bottom of the income scale. No wonder: They can least afford the cost and the time required to obtain a license.

Finally, occupational licenses also harm those who have run afoul of the criminal justice system. Once nonviolent ex-offenders pay their debt to society, they should be encouraged to rejoin it by finding a job or starting a business. Sadly, their own government bars them from pursuing a career that requires a license. Knocking down these barriers is both morally praiseworthy and economically beneficial.

Lawmakers in Portland and the state government in Augusta should – at the very least – prevent the creation of new occupational licenses. Better yet, they should roll back those that already exist.

If lawmakers do this, they’ll help countless low- and middle-income Mainers improve their lives and climb the ladder of opportunity. Surely that’s a New Year’s resolution worth making – and keeping.