PORTLAND — Portland firefighters concluded four days of confined space training on Monday, studying techniques for safely removing victims from inside tanks, manholes and other hard-to-reach spaces.

The training allows businesses in Portland to list the city’s fire department as a trained safety response team, something the federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration requires of businesses that have people working in and around confined spaces.

Monday’s exercises involved rescuers rappelling through a hole down two stories to where a dummy required extrication. The department used the sewer pump station on Baxter Boulevard.

The crews strapped the training dummy onto a pad and crews on the outside used a block and tackle to raise the “patient” up and out of the hole.

Firefighters have to make sure the air is safe to breathe, extending an air sampling tube into the hole, and that the multiple ropes involved do not get tangled, said Lt. Gene Cote. In extremely tight spaces, firefighters’ breathing air is supplied by hoses extending outside the hole, he said.

Over the weekend, crews trained in spaces as narrow as 28 inches across, and learned to negotiate 90 degree angles in such narrow tunnels, he said.